As part of the Context of Practice module, we will be required to attend a series of lectures over the next 12 weeks. Our first lecture on the 10/10/2012 focused on introducing 'Modernity and Modernism'.
Modernity and Modernism : An introduction
1.Terms - 'modern' and 'modernity'
2. Modernity - Industrailisation
3. Modern artist's response to the city
4. Psychology and subjective experience
Modern Painters by John Ruskin, 1850, Book
Highling Sheppard - William Holman Hunt
Modern - Improved, cutting edge, progressive and new
- 15th July 1972, 3:32pm : Modernism dies (according to Charles Jencks
- Demolition of the Prutt-Igoe development, St Louis
- Paris, 1900 - Modern City
- Lives dominated by factory work, shift work and industrailisation
- Invented : television, phones, street lights and railway - Shrinks the world, dense lifestyle
- 1902 - 1908 : World time is standardized because of the railway
- Life changes from sedate to fast-paced quickly
- Trottour Roulantt - Electric moving walkway
- More distinct leisure - shopping, picture houses
- Enlightenment Project : late 18th Century
- When scientific/philsophical thinking made leaps and bounds
- Paris - The city, modernity
- Eiffel Tower, 1889 - Metal, machinery
- Modern over old
- New pace and style of life
- Haussmanisation
- Paris, 1850 onwards - a new Paris
- Old Paris - Architecture of narrow streets and run down housing is ripped out.
- Haussman (arhitect) redesigns Paris
- large boulevards in favour of narrow streets - made streets easier
- Speed of modern life sent people crazy
- differance between classes
Fine Art
- Pointalism - not about creating something realistic
- Laiserpanoram, Germany 1883 - Pay money to view landscapes through device rather then directly.
- Modernism : More mediated
Max Nordau, Degeneration, 1892 - An anti-modernist worried about the modern world;
"If we start to think about subjective experience.. (the experience of the individual in the mordern world) we start to come close to understanding modern art"
- Experiment with paint because of the threat of photography - paint was how to document, made redundant by photography?
- Anti-historicism : Looks to the contemporary
- Truth to materials
- Form follows function
- Technology
- Simplicity
- 'Ornament is crime' - Adolf Loos (1908)
- Anti-historicism - No need to look back to older styles
- Truth to materials - simple geometric forms
- Bauhaus - Modernist education
- functional decisions - Windows, shape
- Futura - Sans serif, serifs - excessive decoration?
Internationalism
- A language or design that could be recognised and understood on a international level
- Le Corbusier 'Plan Voisin' 1927 : All the world equal, an 'ideal' city
- Herbet Bayer typeface - Argued for all text to be lowercase - ditch capitals, universality
- Times New Roman, Stanley Morrison, 1932
- Nationalist for the Times - To show imperial greatness
- Fraktu font - nationalist, German Greatness
- Technology
- Steel, concrete and plastics
- Modernism - Not a neutral term, suggests novelty and improvement
- Modernity (1930 - 1960) social culture experience
- Modernism - Range of ideas and style sprang form modernity
- Vocab of styles; art and form
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